Western black rhino declared extinct

No wild black rhinos remain in West Africa, according to the latest global assessment of threatened species.

The Red List, drawn up by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), has declared the subspecies extinct.

A subspecies of white rhino in central Africa is also listed as possibly extinct, the organisation says.

The annual update of the Red List now records more threatened species than ever before.

The IUCN reports that despite conservation efforts, 25% of the world’s mammals are at risk of extinction. As part of its latest work it has reassessed several rhinoceros groups. — via BBC News

Squid and octopus switch camouflage according to which enemies are close

Some squid and octopuses can switch between two different types of camouflage according to which predators are nearby, scientists have found.

In the cold, dim environment between 600 and 1,000 metres deep — known as the mesopelagic zone — some creatures have evolved to be transparent to avoid being seen from below against ambient light. However, some predator fish get around this using light-emitting organs called photophores that function as biological searchlights, scattering blue light from the eyes and internal organs of their prey.

For this reason, many animals in the lower depths are naturally red or black to reflect as little light as possible at blue wavelengths. But this means their silhouettes are easy to see from below.

Japetella heathi, a bulbous, short-armed octopus, and Onychoteuthis banksii, a squid, have the best of both worlds in that they can switch rapidly between the two states.

The study is published in the journal Current Biology — via redwolf.newsvine.com

New ‘Albino’ Spider Found in Australia

Along came an albino spider — and it’s shocked scientists in Australia.

I nearly fell over when I saw its white head, Mark Harvey, senior curator at the Western Australian Museum, said via email.

The new-found trapdoor spider isn’t a true albino, since it still has some pigment—its body is brown, like those of other trapdoor spiders.

But the 1.2-inch-wide (3-centimeter-wide) arachnid has been dubbed the albino trapdoor spider until it’s formally described as a new species — via redwolf.newsvine.com

Camels ‘left to rot’ after mass cull

The owner of a Central Australian cattle station is angry that camel carcasses have been left to rot after recent culls.

Ian Conway runs Kings Creek Station near where 5,000 camels have been shot from helicopters in the past fortnight.

Mr Conway has acknowledged that camel numbers need to be cut because of the significant ecological and pastoral damage the animals cause.

But he says previous culls have shown it is cruel to shoot them and leave them to rot — via redwolf.newsvine.com

‘Crazy’ Tape Holds Weight of Man

Geckos inspire robots, but there’s no reason to limit one’s imagination. Why not use the fantastic properties of gecko feet to make something everyone needs: tape?

At the University of Kiel in Germany, a group led by Stanislav Gorb has made a silicone tape patterned after the feet of the lizard. Unlike your garden-variety scotch tape, this stuff is strong, it can be used over and over again, and it doesn’t leave sticky goo behind. In fact it is so strong a piece a bit less than 8 inches by 8 inches (20 cm on a side) can hold up the weight of a fully grown person.

How does this work? Geckos and some insects have tiny hair-like structures on their feet called setae, and each one end in a flat structure called a spatula. When they touch a surface, the attraction between molecules, known as the Van der Waals forces, pull on them and cause them to stick. This is the same force that makes water droplets stick to the ceiling or to the side of a glass — via redwolf.newsvine.com

Rare disease surfaces in Tasmania

A rare strain of a disease never seen in the southern hemisphere before has been discovered in Tasmania.

Two women contracted tularaemia earlier this year after being bitten and scratched by sick possums in western Tasmania.

Tularemia is an infectious bacterial disease which affects a range of species and is transferred through direct contact or biting ticks — via redwolf.newsvine.com

Brazilian Tapir / Marwell Wildlife

A Brazilian Tapir baby named Little Ron, at only 9 days old, is now out and about in his paddock at Marwell Wildlife.  Born with a very pretty coat of pale spots and stripes on a reddish brown background, he is delighting visitors with his striking appearance. When he is about a year old he will lose his markings and develop a beautiful light brown colour, just like his mum Summer and sister Quito. He’s named Little Ron in memory of his Dad, Ronaldo, who sadly died at the park last month after an acute illness — via ZooBorns