Bacteria make Major Evolutionary Shift in the Lab

A major evolutionary innovation has unfurled right in front of researchers’ eyes. It’s the first time evolution has been caught in the act of making such a rare and complex new trait. And because the species in question is a bacterium, scientists have been able to replay history to show how this evolutionary novelty grew from the accumulation of unpredictable, chance events

Paper Stronger Than Cast Iron

All paper is made of cellulose, which at the nanoscale level is quite strong, but paper processing makes large, fragile fibers that break easily. Researchers in Sweden have have come up with a manufacturing process that keeps the fibers small, resulting in nanopaper with over 1.6 times the tensile strength of cast iron (214 megapascals vs 130 mPa). And since cellulose is the most abundant organic compound on the planet, it’s cheap to use compared to other exotic, expensive-to-produce options — such as carbon nanotubes — via Slashdot

Google and NASA Ink US$146 Million Lease

Google signed a US$146 million contract with US space agency NASA on Wednesday to lease 42.2 acres of open field at NASA Ames facility in Mountain View California to build a new facility. The 40-year agreement means Google will lease close to its own headquarters in Mountain View. By the end of 2013, Google said it will start construction on 1.2 million square feet of offices for research and development, in an effort to accommodate its growing staff of approximately 20,000. NASA Ames will oversee construction

Novel Bacterial Species Found Trapped in Greenland’s Ice

A team of Penn State scientists has discovered a new ultra-small species of bacteria that has survived for more than 120,000 years within the ice of a Greenland glacier at a depth of nearly two miles. The microorganism’s ability to persist in this low-temperature, high-pressure, reduced-oxygen and nutrient-poor habitat makes it particularly useful for studying how life, in general, can survive in a variety of extreme environments on Earth and possibly elsewhere in the solar system

Materials Engineers Create Perfect Light ‘Sponge’

A team of scientists from Boston College and Duke University has developed a highly-engineered metamaterial capable of absorbing all of the light that strikes it — to a scientific standard of perfection. The team designed and engineered a metamaterial that uses tiny geometric surface features to successfully capture the electric and magnetic properties of a microwave to the point of total absorption

DARPA’s New Medical Treatment: Putty

DARPA wants to develop a dynamic putty-like material that can be packed around a shattered bone, support the body while the patient heals — and biodegrade, once it’s all over. If successful, this Fracture Putty could rapidly restore a patient to ambulatory function while normal healing ensues, with dramatically reduced rehabilitation time and the elimination of infection and secondary fractures, the agency notes

New Spider Species Found near Albany

Researchers have discovered a new species of spider on Western Australia’s south coast. The group has also uncovered a population of an ancient arachnid known as the Assassin spider. The spiders were found at a number of sites along a 70 kilometre stretch of coastline near Albany. The Assassin spider is just five millimetres in length and, despite its name, is harmless to humans

Giant Squid Netted in Victoria

A giant squid has been found off Portland in Victoria’s south-west. The six-metre long, 230-kilogram squid was still alive when it was netted by commercial fishermen last night. Fisheries Victoria says the creature is being kept in a freezer and will be transferred to the Melbourne Museum. The museum is yet to confirm whether it will be used for scientific research or put on display

Brazilian Beetles Hold Key to Faster Computers

Researchers at the University of Utah describe how the Lamprocyphus augustus’, an inch-long Brazilian beetle, iridescent green scales are composed of chitin arranged by evolution in precisely the molecular configuration that has confounded the would-be fabricators of optical computers. By using the scales as a semiconductor mold, researchers hope to finally build the perfect photonic crystal

Student Isolates Microbe That Lunches on Plastic Bags

A Waterloo teenager has found a way to make plastic bags degrade faster — in three months, he figures. Daniel Burd’s project won the top prize at the Canada-Wide Science Fair in Ottawa. He came back with a long list of awards, including a $10,000 prize, a $20,000 scholarship, and recognition that he has found a practical way to help the environment. He knew plastic does eventually degrade, and figured microorganisms must be behind it. His goal was to isolate the microorganisms that can break down plastic — not an easy task because they don’t exist in high numbers in nature

Peter Thiel Makes Down Payment on Libertarian Ocean Colonies

Tired of the United States and the other 190-odd nations on Earth? If a small team of Silicon Valley millionaires get their way, in a few years, you could have a new option for global citizenship: A permanent, quasi-sovereign nation floating in international waters. With a $500,000 donation from PayPal founder Peter Thiel, a Google engineer and a former Sun Microsystems programmer have launched The Seasteading Institute, an organisation dedicated to creating experimental ocean communities with diverse social, political, and legal systems

Extinct Gene Brought Back to Life

In a world first, scientists have extracted a gene from the extinct Tasmanian tiger and successfully inserted it into a mouse embryo. It is the first time a gene from any extinct animal has been brought back to life inside another living creature. However, the researchers, from the University of Melbourne and the University of Texas, say the technology will not lead to the cloning of an entire Tasmanian tiger, or thylacine

Wind Energy In Rock Port

Rock Port only has a population of 1,316 but last week they threw the switch as America’s first ever community completely powered by the wind. Yes, northwest Missouri is windier than central Missouri. It takes winds of up to 9-miles per hour to get those blades spinning. Rock Port is now powered by four wind turbines. In all, 79 turbines are operational in northwest Missouri